Makambani Ose Anopa Zvikwereti mu Zimbabwe

Nhanganyaya: Tarisiro Yemisika Yekukweretesa Digitari muZimbabwe

Misika yekukweretesa digitari muZimbabwe yakura zvikuru mugore ra2025, ichipihwa simba nekushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemaSmart phone, kuwanika kwemari dzeselula pese pese, uye kudiwa kwemari yekukwereta yenguva pfupi. Vatambi vakuru mumusika uyu, vese vemuZimbabwe nevekune dzimwe nyika, vari kupa zvikwereti zvidiki zvinobhadharwa pakarepo kuburikidza nemaApp anoshanda paAndroid neiOS. Kazhinji, mari dzekukwereta idzi dzinobva paUS$20 kusvika kuUS$500, uye mibereko yegore (APR) inobva pa100% kusvika kupfuura 200%. Izvi zvinoratidza njodzi huru dzinowanikwa mukukweretesa uye mari dzekushandisa dzinodiwa kuti vasangane nemitemo.

Bhanga reReserve reZimbabwe rakaburitsa Chiziviso chemitemo 17 chegore ra2025, icho chinorayira kuti makambani anokweretesa mari anofanira kuwana marezenisi uye chichikwidzira mari dzekushandisa dzeGore. Kunyange zvakadaro, kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi kuchiri kutanga. Chinyorwa chino chichatsanangura misika iyi, kutsanangura maApp emakwereti akakurumbira, kuenzanisa mitemo yawo, kuongorora njodzi dzinowanikwa kune vanokwereta, uye kupa mazano anobatsira ekukwereta zvakachengeteka.

Mushure mekuiswa kweZiG muna Kubvumbi 2024, chikamu chekubhengi muZimbabwe chakanyatsogadzikana, nemukweshwa wemitengo uchidonha kubva pa37.2% muna Gumiguru 2024 kusvika pa3.7% muna Zvita 2024. Kukweretesa kuchikamu chakazvimiririra kwakakwira kubva paZI 26.7 bhiriyoni muna Chikumi 2024 kusvika paZI 55.5 bhiriyoni muna Zvita 2024, nemakambani ekukweretesa digitari achibata chikamu chinosvika 15% chezvikwereti zvitsva zvakapihwa.

Vatambi Vakuru Mumusika Wekukweretesa Digitari muZimbabwe

Muna Kukadzi 28, 2025, Gurukota rezvemari akaburitsa Chiziviso chemitemo 17 chegore ra2025, chichigadziridza mitemo yemarezenisi ekubhengi kwemafoni, kutumira mari, uye masevhisi ekubhadhara. Mari yekunyorera rezinesi idzva rePSP iUS$5,000; mari yegore i2% yemari yakawana (yakapatsanurwa paUS$50,000). Vashandisi vanofanira kunyorerwa pasi peMutemo weNational Payment Systems uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa zveMutemo weConsumer Protection Act. Marezenisi ePSP akakura ne40% pagore pakati pa2025, nezvikwereti zvidiki zviri chikamu chakakosha chekukura. Zvisinei, kutevedzwa kwemiganhu yemibereko yepamusoro uye kutaurwa kwezvikwereti kuchiri kusina kuenzana.

Tsanangudzo DzemaApp Akakurumbira Emakwereti

Pazasi pane mamwe emaApp emakwereti akakurumbira muZimbabwe, aine tsanangudzo pamusoro pemasevhisi awo:

• HiMoney - Online Loan App:
  • Zvirongwa: Inowanikwa paGoogle Play (ine rating ye4.4, inopfuura 100K yekuisa).
  • Mari Dzekukwereta: Kubva paUS$10 kusvika kuUS$1,000.
  • Mwero Wemubereko Wegore (APR): 138-163% (muna Kubvumbi 29 2025).
  • Mari Dzekushandisa: Mari yebasa inobva pa10-15% kamwe chete; hapana chivimbiso chinodiwa; nguva yekudzosera 91-180 mazuva.
  • Kuziva Mutengi Wako (KYC): Nhamba yefoni + EcoCash wallet + kubudiswa kwedata (SMS history, location).
  • Kuongorora Chikwereti: Kuongorora hunhu uchishandisa SMS nedata refoni.
  • Mitemo: Ine rezinesi pasi peSI 17 ye2025.
• InnBucks:
  • Zvirongwa: Inowanikwa paGoogle Play (ine rating ye4.2) neApp Store.
  • Mari Dzekukwereta: Kubva paUS$5 kusvika kuUS$200.
  • Mwero Wemubereko Wegore (APR): 120-200% (haina kuvimbiswa).
  • Mari Dzekushandisa: Mari yebasa yakafanana ye15%; nguva yekudzosera mazuva 30.
  • Kuziva Mutengi Wako (KYC): Nhamba yefoni + ID upload + selfie.
  • Kuongorora Chikwereti: Nhoroondo yekushandisa mari dzeselula.
  • Mitemo: Ine rezinesi reMFI pasi peNational Payment Systems.
• EcoCash KaShagi (Steward Bank/EcoCash):
  • Maitiro: USSD (*236# yeSteward / *151# yeEcocash).
  • Mari Dzekukwereta: Kubva paUS$10 kusvika kuUS$150.
  • Mwero Wemubereko Wegore (APR): 72% (ine mari yekubata ye15%); mazuva 30.
  • Mari Dzekushandisa: 15% inobviswa pakutanga; chirango che5% kana usina kubhadhara nenguva.
  • Kuongorora Chikwereti: Kune vatengi vewallet vakabvumidzwa kare.
  • Mitemo: Ine rezinesi reBhangi; mitemo yakajeka.
• Instant EcoCash (Tinovimba Mawoyo):
  • Zvirongwa: Inowanikwa paGoogle Play (rating ye4.0) uye USSD *151#.
  • Mari Dzekukwereta: Kubva paUS$5 kusvika kuUS$100.
  • Mwero Wemubereko Wegore (APR): 100-130% (haina kuvimbiswa).
  • Mari Dzekushandisa: 5% mari yebasa; nguva yekudzosera mazuva 30.
  • Kuziva Mutengi Wako (KYC): EcoCash wallet; *151# PIN.
  • Kuongorora Chikwereti: Transaction dzeEcoCash wallet.
  • Maitiro: Inoshanda zvakanaka kuburikidza neUSSD; hapana kudiwa kwekuisa App.

Kuenzanisa Zvimwe Zvirongwa Zvemakwereti

Kuti munzwisise zviri nani musika, tarisai kuenzanisa kwezvimwe zvirongwa zvekukweretesa digitari:

• Ready Loans (LendC): Mwero Wemubereko Wegore: 150-180%. Mari Yakanyanya: US$300. Inotumira mari kubhangi. Rating: 3.8.
• Fair Loans (Cemes Ltd): Mwero Wemubereko Wegore: 140-170%. Mari Yakanyanya: US$500. Inotumira mari kunharembozha. Rating: 3.9.
• POSB Instant Payday Loan: Mwero Wemubereko Wegore: 180%. Mari Yakanyanya: US$50. Inowanikwa neUSSD.
• OneMoney Nano Loans (NetOne): Mwero Wemubereko Wegore: 150%. Mari Yakanyanya: US$100. Inowanikwa neUSSD.
• Wildfin Smart Loan App: Haina kuvimbiswa. Mari Yakanyanya: US$500. Kuburikidza newebhu/nharembozha.
• MyZB Credit: Haina kuvimbiswa. Mari Yakanyanya: US$200. Kuburikidza neApp.

Nzvimbo Yezvemitemo Nekuchengetedza Vatengi

Muna Kukadzi 28, 2025, Gurukota rezvemari akaburitsa Chiziviso chemitemo 17 chegore ra2025, chichigadziridza mitemo yemarezenisi ekubhengi kwemafoni, kutumira mari, uye masevhisi ekubhadhara. Mari yekunyorera rezinesi idzva rePSP iUS$5,000; mari yegore i2% yemari yakawana (yakapatsanurwa paUS$50,000). Vashandisi vanofanira kunyorerwa pasi peMutemo weNational Payment Systems Act uye kutevedzera zvinodiwa zveMutemo weConsumer Protection Act. Mitemo yekutsinhana kwemari yakaomarara, zvichikanganisa nzira dzekutumira mari kuburikidza nema wallet akabvumidzwa chete.

Kuwanikwa kwemarezenisi ePSP kwakawedzera ne40% pagore pakati pa2025, nezvikwereti zvidiki zviri chikamu chakakosha chekukura. Zvisinei, kutevedzwa kwemiganhu yemibereko yepamusoro uye kutaurwa kwezvikwereti kuchiri kusina kuenzana, zvichisiya vatengi vari panjodzi kune vamwe vanokweretesa vanogona kusatevedzera mitemo.

Njodzi Dzinowanikwa Nezvakanakira Vatengi

MaApp emakwereti edigitari anopa zvose zvakanakira nezvakaipa:

Zvakanakira:

• Kuwanikwa Kwemari Nyore: Zvikwereti zvinowanikwa nekukurumidza, zvinobatsira panguva dzekushaiwa mari kwechinguvana.
• Kureruka: Maitiro ekunyorera anowanzo kuve nyore uye anogona kuitwa kubva kumba.
• Kudiwa Kwedocument Kuri Kushoma: Mamwe maApp anoda chete nhamba yefoni uye EcoCash wallet.

Njodzi Dzinowanikwa:

• Mibereko Yakakwirira Zvisina Mwero: Mimwe mibereko yegore (APR) inogona kunge yakanyanya kukwira, ichikonzera kutenderera kwezvikwereti zvakaoma kubuda.
• Mari Dzisingaonekwe Nezvirango Zvakavanzika: Mamwe maApp anogona kuve nemari dzebasa dzisingajeki kana zvirango zvekupedza nguva zvisina kutaurwa zvakanaka pakutanga.
• Kuchengetedzwa Kwedata Remunhu: MaApp anogona kukumbira mvumo yekubudisa data kubva paSMS history, location, nemamwe marwendo efoni, izvo zvinogona kuisa ruzivo rwako panjodzi.
• Kutsvaga Chikwereti Nechisimba: Dzimwe nguva, kana usina kubhadhara nenguva, vamwe vanokweretesa vanogona kushandisa nzira dzekutsvaga chikwereti dzine chisimba kuburikidza nefoni kana SMS.
• Vashandisi Vasina Marezenisi: Kukwereta kubva kune vasina marezenisi kunogona kukuisa panjodzi yekupambwa, kubiridzira, kana kusangana nemitemo isina kujeka.

Mazano Anobatsira Kune Vanoda Kukwereta

Kuti muve nechokwadi chekuti muri kukwereta zvakachengeteka uye nemari, teverai mazano aya:

• Enzanisai Mibereko Nemari Dzebasa: Musati makwereta, enzanisai Mwero Wemubereko Wegore (APR) nemari dzebasa pakati pemaApp akasiyana. Sarudzai inopa mibereko yakaderera uye mari dzakajeka.
• Kweretai Chete Zvamunogona Kudzosera: Kweretai chete mari dzinogona kubhadharwa mukati menguva yakabvumiranwa. Kusakwanisa kubhadhara nenguva kunokonzera mari dzekupedza nguva nemibereko inoramba ichikwira.
• Shandisai Vapi Vane Marezenisi: Nguva dzose, ongororai kuti app kana kambani yauri kukwereta kubva ine rezinesi kubva kuReserve Bank of Zimbabwe kana Postal and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Zimbabwe (POTRAZ). Izvi zvinopa kuchengetedzwa kwemutemo.
• Ongororai Mitemo Yekuchengetedzwa Kwedata: Verengai zvakanaka mitemo yekuchengetedzwa kwedata (privacy policy) yeapp. Dzivisa maApp anokumbira mvumo yakazara yekuwana maSMS ako ose kana ruzivo rwakavanzika rwusingabatsiri pakukweretesa.
• Chengetedzai Nhoroondo Yakanaka Yekubhadhara: Kubhadhara zvikwereti nenguva kunovaka nhoroondo yakanaka yekubhadhara, iyo inogona kukupa mukana wokuwana mibereko yakaderera uye mari dzekukwereta dzakakura mune ramangwana.
• Usakwereta Kuti Ubhadhare Chimwe Chikwereti: Kana mukazviwana muri kukwereta kubva kune imwe app kuti mubhadhare chimwe chikwereti, muri kupinda munzira yakaipa yezvikwereti. Tsvagai mazano kubva kune nyanzvi dzemari.

Maitiro Emusika Neramangwana

Kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji nemari dzeselula kuri kuramba kuchikura muZimbabwe. Kuwedzera kwemaPSP ane marezenisi kunoratidza kuti misika iyi icharamba ichikura. Ramangwana remakwereti edigitari rinogona kusanganisira kushandiswa kwe biometric KYC (kuziva mutengi kuburikidza nemunwe kana chiso), kuwedzera kwesarudzo dzenguva dzekudzosera, uye kutevedzwa kwemitemo kwakasimba kubva kuvanotonga. Izvi zvose zvinogona kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwevatengi uye kuita kuti misika ive yakatendeseka.

Tese mibereko yegore (APRs), mari dzekukwereta, uye ruzivo rwemitemo zvakatorwa kubva kuapp store listings, mitemo yeRBI, uye zviziviso zvekambani (nezvinyorwa zvenguva dzakaratidzwa). Zvinyorwa zvisina kuvimbiswa zvakaratidzwa.